Building and testing the analog systems behind sound.
These projects made analog electronics tangible: component choices became audible gain, noise, clipping, bias stability, and real debugging decisions.
3audio systems built
ROLE
Circuit designer and builder
WHEN
2025–2026
WITH
Electronics laboratory teams
Across three audio projects, I designed and tested microphone and amplifier signal chains using BJT, transistor, and op-amp stages. The circuits turned ideas from small-signal models into audible consequences.
Bias points, source amplitude, loading, noise, and gain stopped being abstract quantities once a physical circuit clipped, oscillated, or produced a clean signal.
Across three builds, I designed, simulated, assembled, measured, and iterated microphone and amplifier signal chains using transistor and op-amp stages.
03
THE PROCESS01 02 03
How I moved through the work.
Model
Calculate bias conditions and expected gain, then simulate the stage before hardware assembly.
Build
Translate the schematic onto a breadboard while managing grounding, component tolerances, and signal routing.
Measure and iterate
Compare waveforms and audible output with the model, then isolate the reason for distortion, noise, or insufficient gain.
04
KEY DECISIONS
The choices that shaped the result.
- Separate signal conditioning and amplification into understandable stages
- Choose practical bias points rather than optimizing only for theoretical gain
- Use measurement to challenge the simulation
- Document failure modes as part of the engineering result
WHAT IT DELIVERED
Built multiple working audio signal chains
Connected small-signal theory to measurement
Diagnosed real component and loading behavior
MY SCOPE
Circuit analysis
Simulation
Breadboarding
Measurement
These were smaller projects, but they gave me something software cannot: immediate contact with physical error. They taught me to distrust an elegant model until the measured system agrees.